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GDP vs Life Expectancy — Bubble Chart Example

A bubble chart adds a third variable to a scatter plot as the area of each point — here, population.

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Bubble chart of GDP per capita (USD), Life expectancy, Population (M) by Country — 8 data points.
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Reading the chart

What this example shows

  • The relationship is strongly positive but sharply logarithmic — early income gains buy far more life expectancy than later ones.
  • The United States has the highest GDP per capita yet lower life expectancy than Japan, sitting clearly below the trend.
  • India and Nigeria carry huge bubbles at the low end, a reminder that population-weighted outcomes differ from country averages.

The data

Paste-ready dataset

Country,GDP per capita (USD),Life expectancy,Population (M)
Japan,33800,84.8,125
Germany,48700,81.2,83
United States,76300,79.3,335
Brazil,8900,75.9,214
India,2400,70.1,1408
Nigeria,2100,53.6,218
Mexico,11500,75.1,128
Indonesia,4800,71.3,276

Approximate figures rounded from recent public World Bank and UN estimates, for illustration only.

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